Monthly Archives: May 2009

Does Buttonwood persist in error?

Baruch is getting schtick in the comments for a now mildly embarrassing  post he wrote at the high tide of equities in 2007, criticising the Economist’s now not totally un-prescient looking Buttonwood column. Reader John goes so far as to suggest that Baruch now looks like a “jackass”. Reader Anish, finding it hard to avoid exclamation marks, says he hates “rubbing it in” and of course proceeds to do just that.

While there are some fist-bitingly cringeworthy bits, the substantive points Baruch was making at the time, viz perma bears are not normally useful, and that the Economist has an especially dreadful record in giving stockmarket advice, still hold water, I think. I wrote of the

tendency of commentators who are Obviously Clever to be negative about the stockmarket, and how in this they are generally completely wrong, at best, or at worst simply confusing. It’s not as if you can use them as contra-indicators because sometimes, just often enough to keep them in business, the stockmarket actually does go down

(emphasis added post hoc, or is it hic). I would say similar things about perma-bulls, like Larry Kudlow, as well. But readers like Anish and John, no doubt open, trusting, simplistic creatures seeking guidance, only see the track record of the last 18 months. They compare Baruch’s inability to forecast the last downturn to Buttonwood’s annoyingly accurate diagnoses of what was going to happen, and find him wanting. Buttonwood 1, Baruch 0, they think. Well, it’s not unfair. In Baruch’s defence he can only argue that he was a fast follower, and 2 months after bashing Buttonwood joined him in becoming all miserably bearish as well. At least in print.

However, recent Buttonwood columns have made at least two points that are wrongly used in support of a continued bear market. Firstly positive feedback loops in bull markets, Buttonwood claims, can go into reverse in bear markets and prolong them “with devastating effect”, just as they helped sustain the bull. One mechanism is rising tax rates, as government deficits grow. Another is company pension funds going into deficit, forcing companies to top them up, further draining cashflow. It’s not as simple as that actually, as the discount rates used to calculate pension obligations often fall with interest rates, but I will stop here as there is nothing more tedious than calculating pension obligations. We can go with Buttonwood on this one too.

The other mechanism that prolongs bear markets, according to Buttonwood, Citigroup and a study by something called Smithers & Co, is a change in the supply-demand for equity paper; bear markets see the end of many company buy back programmes, and the need to raise equity capital to refinance stressed balance sheets reduces the demand for equity while increasing its supply. Doom follows, naturally enough. There are 3 good reasons for thinking this is totally wrong: Continue reading

Turning Japanese (I really think so)

Brilliant post by Baruch’s bloggy chum Cassandra last week about the current rally in shares, and not just because it gives me the opportunity to play this video, which I’ve been humming on and off for a while now:

No, the other reason to appreciate Cassandra’s experience is that it descibes so well the torture of the trapped bear, a torture all the worse for being administered to oneself by oneself in an open plan office in front of your colleagues (the only thing actual physical torture has to recommend it as an alternative is it tends to humiliate in private and doesn’t directly damage your finances. If you’re fortunate enough to be tortured by American subcontractors there’s the small chance you may be able to sue your torturer afterwards and possibly end up with more money than you started with, but that is definitely not the case if you’re waterboarding yourself ). Oh, there’s nothing worse in an investing context than being trapped on the wrong side; it is awful.

In the week since reading the post, three things have struck me :

  • I don’t know where we are in the rebound, but the maddened mob have clearly started turning on the um cassandras who told them to be short, the Roubinis, the Talebs and in fact gurus in general. One can applaud the sentiment about gurus overall, but being cross at people who are generally more right than wrong seems a bit ungracious to say the least. Nevertheless, I would imagine this sort of thing would happen closer to the end of the rally than at the start.
  • That said, equity rallies in the Japanese bear market of 1990 to well, now, tended to go much much farther than you would think. At least 4 times in the decade after their bubble burst, Japanese stocks, measured by the Nikkei, popped well over 30%. The median rally over that period seems to have measured about 50% from the low to the high. Think about it; we’re up a bit less than 40% last I looked. We could have 20% more to go. 20%! That’s worth getting out of bed for. And definitely something a trapped bear would want to avoid thinking about.
  • To make things more complicated, however, it is just not true that fundamentals and the current rally are moving in opposite directions; there is some, actually a lot, of improvement in specifically the companies that Baruch follows oh so exhaustingly closely, and by extension the global economy. To be sure, the improvement is relative to extremely low expectations for revenues and earnings that were set amid the very extremely terrible conditions at the end of 2008; on an absolute basis, measured from this time last year, things still look crap. But stock investing is an expectations game, based on where we are going not where we’ve been, and there’s reason enough, trust Baruch here, for lots of his stocks to have rallied significantly on the basis of the quarters they just printed. At least prima facie.

So where does that leave us? Well, the last point seems to be the killer. Stay long, I guess? The only problem with that, of course, is that much of the improvement in fundamentals in Baruch’s technology names at least comes from what is being called “restocking”, the refill of inventory of finished goods in the retail channel and of components in manufacturers warehouses. On the other side of the “Restockers” stand those who I call the “Double Dippers”. They think this will all end in another overstocking of inventory, that just as we did at the end of september last year, at some point in Q2 or Q3 we will all have to cut our estimates again and that means stocks should start tanking, well about now. Which they sort of are.

We still don’t know much about end demand here; is it down 10%, or 30%? We’ll probably only find out after the summer. How much, and at what speed, will consumers delever themselves? How much of a difference will government demand make? To make it extra difficult we also have George Soros’ big idea of “Reflexivity” to deal with, the idea that an otherwise frivolous restocking cycle and associated stockmarket rally could start a virtuous feedback loop that ends in fundamental improvement in the real economy. Sure, it could just be an oversold rally, but fundamentals don’t just sit there, unchanging. Company earnings can get “oversold” too, or at least stretched to the downside and bounce back. Or they might not. 

Basically, no-one knows, no matter how hard they pretend to. And if they did they certainly wouldn’t tell us. Posts like Cassandra’s are excellent aide memoires for mistakes others have made in the past, but in general you’re on your own, dear reader, as is Baruch. The only advice he can give you is. . . be the ball.

Peer pressure

One of the many psychological problems Baruch suffers from (in secret) is a desperate need for the respect of his peers. So when on his daily Abnormal Returns troll he saw a link to a Who’s Who of Financial Bloggers at Baruch’s now favourite blog, Reformed Broker, his heart began to beat faster. Then the memory of multiple disappointments and jealousies resurfaced (what’s that Felix Salmon got that Baruch hasn’t?) and a prophylactic, cold resignation set in. But on opening the link what should he see but his name! Right  there! Hooray! Some people actually are reading this stuff! It’s not just bear lovers, looking for pictures of bears, being diverted here by accident!

You’re there too, Bento, but I don’t know why, you are the single most useless blogging partner the world has ever seen.

Question: why the “Library”? It’s lovely being next to Footnoted and Kedrosky, of course, but Baruch was in the Library Society at school, and had he had a second go around would prefer to be with the cool kids behind the bike sheds, hopefully snogging Equity Private. One feels a bit . . . nerdy in the library.

And Broker, dude, where’s Old TED? You could put him in the category of “Kids who are grumpy but fun to hang out with”.

Belatedly, Baruch would also like to say thank you to Condor Options, who said very nice things about us last year. Apologies for being behind the curve on this but another of Baruch’s pathologies is an inability to handle compliments properly.